A Simple Key For CLBO Crystal Unveiled
A Simple Key For CLBO Crystal Unveiled
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For instance, The present concave OC could be replaced by a plane mirror which could mitigate the facility density within the area of M1 as well as diamond. In addition, employing high hurt threshold coatings for M1 and diamond would also Increase the output electrical power with no damages. Then, the NIR laser in the 2nd Stokes wavelength can be large more than enough, along with its great beam high quality, to make the final DUV laser at 193 nm which has a superior regular power.
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LBO is usually a fantastic nonlinear crystal which is usually placed on the SHG with the NIR to your green. The DUV laser is usually realized by two stages of SFG within the LBO crystals given that there's no phase-matching angle for LBO to transform the green laser at 515 nm or 532 nm into the DUV immediately by SHG [sixteen]. Recently, the NSBBF crystal has also demonstrated its prospective to get a superior conversion performance from 532 nm to 266 nm. The walk-off angle and deff from the NSBBF are Pretty much just like those of CLBO [seventeen].
On another facet, the facility scaling of your NIR laser is yet another facet to enhance the normal energy with the 193-nm DUV laser. Due to insufficient the superior-electricity amplification Option on the NIR laser (by way of example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes including optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may very well be applied to establish a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the desired wavelength and also getting relative bigger electric power [21]. Just lately, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its capability in accomplishing a higher power in addition to a high conversion effectiveness on the 1st Stokes of your one-μm laser [22,23], which means the possibility to generally be used inside the 193-nm DUV laser generation thanks to its substantial Raman acquire and large frequency shift.
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The conversion efficiency from fundamental NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% according to the reported leads to Desk one. Raising the conversion efficiency will decrease the burden on the look and set up of the basic laser amplifier as well as the electric powered electrical power consumption. A very good beam top quality of the elemental laser can even lead into the growing on the conversion efficiency and the right energy depth in the NIR and inexperienced laser while in the SHG and FHG process, respectively. The best conversion efficiencies from NIR to eco-friendly and environmentally friendly to DUV laser by utilization of CLBO crystal are 70% and all around 50%, respectively [12], which corresponds to the conversion effectiveness of 35% from fundamental to DUV.
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